Answer:
Code is given as below:
Explanation:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
//function prototype declaration
void MilitaryTime(int, int, char, int &, int &);
int main()
{
  //declare required variables
  int SHour, SMin, MHour, MMin;
  char AorP;
  //promt and read the hours from the user
  cout<<"Enter hours in standard time : ";
  cin>>SHour;
  //check the hours are valid are not
  while(SHour<0 || SHour>12)
  {
     cout<<"Invalid hours for standard time. "
       <<"Try again..."<<endl;
     cout<<"Enter hours in standard time : ";
     cin>>SHour;
  }
  //promt and read the minutes from the user
  cout<<"Enter minutes in standard time : ";
  cin>>SMin;
  //check the minutes are valid are not
  while(SMin<0 || SMin>59)
  {
     cout<<"Invalid minutes for standard time. "
       <<"Try again..."<<endl;
     cout<<"Enter minutes in standard time : ";
     cin>>SMin;
  }
  //promt and read the am or pm from the user
  cout<<"Enter standard time meridiem (a for AM p for PM): ";
  cin>>AorP;
  //check the meridiem is valid are not
  while(!(AorP=='a' || AorP=='p' || AorP=='A' || AorP=='P'))
  {
     cout<<"Invalid meridiem for standard time. "
       <<"Try again..."<<endl;
     cout<<"Enter standard time meridiem (a for AM p for PM): ";
     cin>>AorP;
  }
  //call function to calculate the military time
  MilitaryTime(SHour, SMin, AorP, MHour, MMin);
  //fill zeros and display standard time
  cout.width(2);
  cout.fill('0');
  cout<<SHour<<":";
  cout.width(2);
  cout.fill('0');
  cout<<SMin;
  if(AorP=='a' || AorP=='A')
     cout<<" am = ";
  else
     cout<<" pm = ";
  //fill zeros and display military time
  cout.width(2);
  cout.fill('0');
  cout<<MHour;
  cout.width(2);
  cout.fill('0');
  cout<<MMin<<endl;
  system("PAUSE");
  return 0;
}
//function to calculate the military time with reference parameters
void MilitaryTime(int SHour, int SMin, char AorP, int &MHour, int &MMin)
{
  //check the meredium is am or pm
  //and calculate hours
  if(AorP=='a' || AorP=='A')
  {
     if(SHour==12)
       MHour = 0;
     else
       MHour = SHour;
  }
  else
     MHour = SHour+12;
  MMin = SMin;
