1. often, material variability in property such as strength is encountered. a sample data (max failure loads) for clear wood specimens tested parallel to the grain is given below. all loads in kips (15 samples): 16.6, 15.2, 15.4, 12.1, 14.9, 13.2, 17.1, 15.5, 15.0, 14.8, 15.2, 16.9, 12.9, 15.5, 16.0. i) the normal distribution function (gaussian) is often found to best describe variability that is found in nature, including material properties. using such method estimate the mean and the standard deviation.

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