The 1996 reform created Welfare-to-Work programs which were designed to move welfare recipients into jobs. This was a shift away from focusing on providing them with training.
(a) This decision was made based on findings of a study. Describe the study and its findings for the outcome of annual employment or earnings. Note: For the description of the study: name the program(s) evaluated in the study and its components, the details of the empirical method of evaluation, the location of the program(s).
(b) List two potential problems/caveats with the findings of this study. Explain why.
(c) A follow-up study evaluated the program(s) you described in (a). Describe this follow-up study. How was it different from the study you described in (a)?
(d) What were the findings of the follow-up study for the outcome variable of annual employment (whether employed or not)? Relate these findings to one problem/caveat you described in (b). That is, were those problems/caveats well-founded based on these findings? Note: You do not need to give me the exact magnitudes. Just list the direction of the treatment effects, rough magnitudes (big, small, very small, smaller, bigger, etc.) and statistical significance.